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Does Causality BetweenTourism and Environmental Pollution Depend on Economic Development Level?

Isiaka Akande Raifu & Fidelis Obaniyi Ademola

Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal2025https://doi.org/10.37741/t.73.1.13article
AJG 1ABDC B
Weight
0.48

What the paper says

T his study explored the causal link between tourism and CO2 emissions using bivariate and multivariate causality approaches to analyse data from 134 countries. Employing JKS's Panel Granger non-causality method, we established that tourism significantly Granger-causes environmental pollution. The multivariate model exhibited more robust causality than the bivariate model, yet this causality remains consistent regardless of a country's economic development level. This emphasizes the urgent need to address the interplay between tourism and environmental concerns.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37741/t.73.1.13

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@article{isiaka2025,
  title        = {{Does Causality BetweenTourism and Environmental Pollution Depend on Economic Development Level?}},
  author       = {Isiaka Akande Raifu & Fidelis Obaniyi Ademola},
  journal      = {Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal},
  year         = {2025},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37741/t.73.1.13},
}

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Does Causality BetweenTourism and Environmental Pollution Depend on Economic Development Level?

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Evidence weight

0.48

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.41 × 0.4 = 0.16
M · momentum0.63 × 0.15 = 0.09
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.