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Sanctions and sanctions-resistant money

Joshua R. Hendrickson & Craig Warmke

Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization2026https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107499article
AJG 3ABDC A*
Weight
0.50

What the paper says

In recent years, dollar-based sanctions have become an important tool of U.S. foreign policy. The introduction of bitcoin poses challenges to this sanctions regime. Bitcoin settles transactions through a decentralized, global, permissionless, and competitive market. These characteristics create a degree of censorship resistance. As bitcoin adoption increases, policymakers intent on maintaining the status quo might try to target the bitcoin network for censorship as well. We examine two recent proposals aimed at censoring transactions involving sanctioned entities and assess their likelihood of success. We argue that both proposals are unlikely to achieve their intended outcomes. Instead, a more pragmatic approach to bitcoin is likely to be more effective for those focused on sanctions compliance and enforcement.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107499

Or copy a formatted citation

@article{joshua2026,
  title        = {{Sanctions and sanctions-resistant money}},
  author       = {Joshua R. Hendrickson & Craig Warmke},
  journal      = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107499},
}

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Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.