Purpose This research aims to explore the influence of the Wine Tourism (WT) development on the Green Competitive Advantage (GCA) of Spanish wineries, as well as the role of Green Knowledge Management (GKM) and Green Entrepreneurial Orientation (GEO) on this main linkage. Design/methodology/approach This research formulates a theoretical model and then examines it through structural equation modeling, based on data collected from 196 wineries in Spain, compiled during the period from September 2022 to January 2023. Findings The results of this study show a positive and significant effect between the WT development and the GCA of wineries in Spain, as well as the mediating role of GKM and the moderating factor of GEO in this main connection. Originality/value The distinctiveness of this research lies in several aspects. First, it enhances understanding of WT as a driver of wineries’ GCA. Second, it provides an integrated framework, addressing the combined roles of GKM and GEO in strengthening GCA. Third, it contributes practical insights for wine executives, helping them better understand how WT development can be leveraged to enhance their GCA through sustainability-focused business capabilities.