Drawing on the cognitive load theory (CLT), this study develops a research framework to investigate the effects of different psychosocial factors in virtual meeting attendees on their engagement behavior. Two hundred ninety-eight online surveys were collected. PLS-SEM was employed to analyze the proposed hypotheses. The results showed that information overload and communication overload impact virtual meeting attendees’ engagement directly and indirectly through mental fatigue and self-efficacy. This study also reveals that attendees with different motivations (education vs. networking) are influenced differently by mental fatigue and self-efficacy. The findings of the current research offer actionable implications for event planners to improve attendees’ engagement during the virtual meeting.