Export Restrictions and Export Controls: From WTO to the Realm of Global Security
Shen Wei & Xuanli Chen
What the paper says
BY UMAIR HAFEEZ GHORIExport restrictions and export controls have long been tools wielded by governments worldwide to pursue policy objectives, adopted for a multitude of reasons and rooted in a long-standing history.In recent years, however, there has been a notable trend towards the strengthening of export restrictions and controls, which are now widely employed by countries and regions.Umair Hafeez Ghori's new book Export Restrictions and Export Controls: From WTO to the Realm of Global Security is a focused study on export restrictions and controls against this background.Drawing on his personal experience of living in a developing country and his exhaustive research into the history of globalisation, Ghori undertakes an in-depth exploration of the evolution and reform of international economic law.As Professor Mary E Hiscock of Bond University aptly remarks, the book 'opens an entire field'. 1 This new book employs a diverse range of analytical methodologies, including literature reviews, case studies, comparative analysis, and historical research, and is supported by exceptionally rigorous evidential materials, thereby offering considerable informational value to its readership.Ghori opens by addressing the conceptual ambiguity surrounding the two core terms.Export controls and export restrictions are broad and overlapping terms for measures to manage commodity outflows from one economy to another with the aim of achieving specific policy goals.Employing historical semantic analysis, he traces the evolution of these terms to highlight their distinct legal foundations, policy aims, and differing relationships with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ('GATT') and the World Trade Organisation ('WTO') rules.According to the author, export restrictions fall within the remit of international economic law, as set out in GATT art XI and its exceptions.Export controls, by contrast, are grounded in domestic law, public international law, or international relations, and primarily serve national security and foreign policy objectives.Chapter 1 offers a systematic review of existing scholarship on the subject, thereby defining both the research problem and the analytical framework for the whole book.In its first section, chapter 1 undertakes a detailed examination of the historical development and contemporary features of export restrictions, 1
Evidence weight
Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40
| F · citation impact | 0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20 |
| M · momentum | 0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07 |
| V · venue signal | 0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03 |
| R · text relevance † | 0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20 |
† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.