Halal supply chain performance measurement for small business enterprise: an SCOR-based approached

Abstract

Purpose Indonesia released a self-declared halal certification program to increase the number of business actors with low-risk products. This study aims to examine and provide guidelines for measuring performance in the halal supply chain for business actors with halal certification. Design/methodology/approach The primary data used in this study were collected through expert interviews in four stages of the Delphi method and closed questionnaires with a Likert scale. This study employs the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model to provide a framework for measuring performance by integrating it with the Delphi-analytic hierarchical process (AHP) method. Findings Based on the Delphi-AHP analysis, the halal supply chain performance is categorized as 83% in the good category. The highest halal supply chain performance is the plan dimension. It represents government efforts to accelerate halal certification by improving governance and providing halal assistance and transparency in the halal certification application process. Practical implications This research can be a reference for regulators and business actors in measuring business performance. Originality/value This study presents a novel integration of the SCOR model with the Delphi-AHP method to measure halal supply chain performance among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in Indonesia's self-declared halal certification program. Unlike prior studies that focus solely on conceptual indicators, this research prioritizes performance dimensions using empirical expert consensus. The framework provides a replicable, data-driven tool for evaluating halal supply chains, especially in developing regions. It contributes both methodologically and practically by guiding regulators and MSMEs in enhancing halal compliance and supply chain integration.