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The effect of warmth and competence as stereotypical leadership perceptions on occupational well-being and behavioral loyalty of hospital employees: An empirical analysis

Marcella S. Müller et al.

Health Services Management Research2025https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848251360072article
AJG 1ABDC C
Weight
0.50

What the paper says

<b>Background:</b> The shortage of healthcare professionals and demanding working conditions have prompted healthcare organizations to implement effective retention strategies. Leadership practices largely shape the organizational climate and influence occupational well-being and related retention. Research has identified warmth and competence as the two fundamental dimensions by which leaders are evaluated.<b>Purpose:</b> This study explores how perceptions of leadership-related warmth and competence translate into hospital employees' loyalty, both directly and indirectly, through occupational well-being, that is, through the mechanisms of positive and negative work-related affect.<b>Research Design:</b> A cross-sectional survey design was used.<b>Study Sample:</b> The study sample consisted of N = 1907 employees from a U.S. hospital.<b>Data Collection and Analysis:</b> Data were collected via a structured survey instrument assessing leadership perceptions, affective well-being at work, and employee loyalty. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the hypothesized relationships and mediating mechanisms.<b>Results:</b> Both leadership-related warmth and competence perceptions directly influence employee loyalty. We identified different mechanisms underlying the indirect effects of occupational well-being on loyalty. Only leadership-related warmth perceptions had a positive indirect effect on loyalty through both positive and negative work-related affect. Leadership-related competence perceptions increased both positive and negative work-related affect.<b>Conclusions:</b> An empathic leadership style that leads to favorable leadership-related warmth perceptions is an effective approach for promoting occupational well-being and loyalty among hospital employees. Leaders should foster leadership-related competence perceptions in periods with more favorable working conditions while avoiding them in stressful working conditions.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848251360072

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@article{marcella2025,
  title        = {{The effect of warmth and competence as stereotypical leadership perceptions on occupational well-being and behavioral loyalty of hospital employees: An empirical analysis}},
  author       = {Marcella S. Müller et al.},
  journal      = {Health Services Management Research},
  year         = {2025},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/09514848251360072},
}

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Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

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