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Self-Assessment Model for Digital Retrofitting of Legacy Manufacturing Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0

Abdulrahman Alqoud et al.

International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management2025https://doi.org/10.24867/ijiem-391article
AJG 1
Weight
0.37

What the paper says

Self-Assessment Model for Digital Retrofitting of Legacy Manufacturing Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0In the current competitive landscape, digital retrofitting of legacy manufacturing systems is crucial for maintaining a competitive edge.Digital retrofitting involves adapting existing systems to modern technologies to enhance efficiency and capabilities.To select the most appropriate retrofitting approach, an assessment model is required due to the diversity of legacy systems and the varying readiness levels of organizations.In this study, a comprehensive assessment model is designed for Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs) to facilitate digital retrofitting strategies.The model starts with a questionnaire to evaluate existing systems, followed by a classification of maturity levels, and then provides tailored recommendations, aiming to guide SMMEs in successfully integrating Industry 4.0 technologies.The methodology includes a literature review and surveys, which were used to develop, test, and refine the model.The model assesses 21 items across four dimensions, Strategy and Organization, Development of the Workforce, Smart Factory, and Smart Process, using a five-point scale.Furthermore, the model introduces a four-level maturity classification for digital transformation in manufacturing and offers customized recommendations.The validation through the surveys involves content validity testing with 18 industry practitioners and a pilot study with a sample of 32 SMMEs.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24867/ijiem-391

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@article{abdulrahman2025,
  title        = {{Self-Assessment Model for Digital Retrofitting of Legacy Manufacturing Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0}},
  author       = {Abdulrahman Alqoud et al.},
  journal      = {International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management},
  year         = {2025},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24867/ijiem-391},
}

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Self-Assessment Model for Digital Retrofitting of Legacy Manufacturing Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0

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Evidence weight

0.37

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.16 × 0.4 = 0.06
M · momentum0.53 × 0.15 = 0.08
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.