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Solidarity With Palestinians in Germany and the United Kingdom: The Distinctiveness of Beliefs, Emotions, and Attitudes for Third-Party Solidarity in Democratic, Yet Issue-Specific Repressive Contexts

Julia A. Schreiber et al.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin2026https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251407131article
AJG 4ABDC A*
Weight
0.37

Abstract

Most research on solidarity focuses on democratic, low-repressive contexts. However, support for Palestinians in the Global North shows that solidarity can also emerge in democracies with issue-specific repression, where costs and risks for solidarity are higher, and dominant narratives limit alternative perspectives. This article explores which beliefs, emotions, and attitudes predict low-cost (i.e., low effort/risk) and high-cost (i.e., high effort/risk) solidarity in such contexts. We conducted three studies during major Israel/Palestine escalations: a 2009 German convenience sample (N = 305) and two 2024 representative samples from Germany (N = 412) and the United Kingdom (N = 409). Perceived peaceful intentions and guilt toward Palestinians predicted both types of solidarity. Perceived injustice and moral outrage were more linked to low-cost solidarity, while perceived collective ownership of the land was stronger for high-cost solidarity. Power imbalance, admiration, sympathy, hate, and antisemitism played no or minor roles for solidarity in these contexts. The results highlight the distinct nature of conflict-related solidarity under issue-specific repression compared to solidarity under low repression.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251407131

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@article{julia2026,
  title        = {{Solidarity With Palestinians in Germany and the United Kingdom: The Distinctiveness of Beliefs, Emotions, and Attitudes for Third-Party Solidarity in Democratic, Yet Issue-Specific Repressive Contexts}},
  author       = {Julia A. Schreiber et al.},
  journal      = {Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251407131},
}

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Solidarity With Palestinians in Germany and the United Kingdom: The Distinctiveness of Beliefs, Emotions, and Attitudes for Third-Party Solidarity in Democratic, Yet Issue-Specific Repressive Contexts

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Evidence weight

0.37

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.16 × 0.4 = 0.06
M · momentum0.53 × 0.15 = 0.08
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.