arbiter
JournalsAccount

The Importance of Codetermination for Gender Diversity in the Boardroom

Astrid Kunze & Katrin Scharfenkamp

Industrial Relations: a journal of economy and society2025https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12396article
AJG 4ABDC A*
Weight
0.37

Abstract

This study examines the interplay of codetermination law and board gender quotas using novel board‐director panel data for Norway. We present descriptive evidence suggesting that boards with employee representatives on boards of directors were more gender diverse before the gender quota. Difference‐in‐differences estimation results reveal that the differential effect of employee representation on gender diversity is negative after implementing the quota. Boards with employee representatives have recruited fewer women during the phase‐in period, and the flexible quota tended to be ineffective. We interpret the effect through employee representation as a potential mediating factor of board gender quotas on gender diversity.

1 citation

Open via your library →

Cite this paper

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12396

Or copy a formatted citation

@article{astrid2025,
  title        = {{The Importance of Codetermination for Gender Diversity in the Boardroom}},
  author       = {Astrid Kunze & Katrin Scharfenkamp},
  journal      = {Industrial Relations: a journal of economy and society},
  year         = {2025},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12396},
}

Paste directly into BibTeX, Zotero, or your reference manager.

Flag this paper

The Importance of Codetermination for Gender Diversity in the Boardroom

Flags are reviewed by the Arbiter methodology team within 5 business days.

Evidence weight

0.37

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.16 × 0.4 = 0.06
M · momentum0.53 × 0.15 = 0.08
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.