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Blood River: Andean Messianism Erupts in Peru

Christopher Santiago

Antipode2026https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.70143article
AJG 3
Weight
0.50

What the paper says

Why did liberals condemn President Castillo while masses of Indigenous Andeans rose up in his support? Liberals are unable to affirm Andean messianism, including notions of yawar mayu (blood river), pachakuti (world reversal), ukhu pacha (inner/under world), and calpa/camaquen/camac (spirit power). Concepts of justified violence and historical redemption challenge the foundation of who and what we are as modern individuals. This paper critiques liberal intellectuals who ignore Indo‐socialist literary traditions in Peru, tending to miss Indigenous notions of messianism and their political implications. The vision of Indigenous socialism proposed by Mariátegui, Vallejo, Arguedas, Blanco, and Galindo gives us a lens through which to critique liberals who conflate socialism and authoritarianism in their misunderstanding of Andean worlds. As leftists, we must enact an onto‐epistemic break, reclaim our imaginations, and join the fight for justice.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.70143

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@article{christopher2026,
  title        = {{Blood River: Andean Messianism Erupts in Peru}},
  author       = {Christopher Santiago},
  journal      = {Antipode},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.70143},
}

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Blood River: Andean Messianism Erupts in Peru

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Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.