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Warm glow and pro-environmental behavior: Supportive evidence from behavioral tasks

Linli Zhou et al.

Journal of Environmental Psychology2026https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2026.102902article
AJG 3ABDC A
Weight
0.44

Abstract

Climate change is a highly emotional issue. For example, many people experience negative emotions like climate anxiety and eco-depression. Recent work emphasizes that positive emotions also influence how individuals engage with sustainability and pro-environmental behavior. Behaving in an environmentally friendly way may elicit positive feelings ( warm glow ), which could drive a self-reinforcing positive feedback loop of great applied value. However, previous research has largely been limited to self-reported pro-environmental behavior, which can have low validity. Here, we investigated the relationship between warm glow and pro-environmental behavior using two consequential behavioral tasks. In Study 1 ( n = 237), participants who made more pro-environmental decisions in the Carbon Emission Task experienced more warm glow. Pre-registered Studies 2a ( n = 803), 2b ( n = 953), and 3 ( n = 849) used the tedious Work for Environmental Protection Task for a more severe test. Results again showed more warm glow after more pro-environmental behavior. In addition, anticipated warm glow before the task predicted pro-environmental behavior, and behavioral effort mediated the relationship between anticipated and experienced warm glow. Together, these results provide a strong demonstration that warm glow and pro-environmental behavior are mutually reinforcing. • Consequential behavioral tasks provide strong evidence of 'warm glow': good feelings from pro-environmental actions. • People felt warm glow after acting pro-environmentally even when the behavioral task was tedious, and this positive feeling subsequently strengthened their pro-environmental intentions. • The more people anticipated feeling good, the more pro-environmental behavior they performed.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2026.102902

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@article{linli2026,
  title        = {{Warm glow and pro-environmental behavior: Supportive evidence from behavioral tasks}},
  author       = {Linli Zhou et al.},
  journal      = {Journal of Environmental Psychology},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2026.102902},
}

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Warm glow and pro-environmental behavior: Supportive evidence from behavioral tasks

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Evidence weight

0.44

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.32 × 0.4 = 0.13
M · momentum0.57 × 0.15 = 0.09
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.