Dressed to kill: the material ethics of war

Cian O’Driscoll & Sebastian Kaempf

European Journal of International Relations2026https://doi.org/10.1177/13540661261417043article
ABDC A
Weight
0.50

Abstract

What do the costumes that soldiers wear have to do with the ethics of war? This article tackles this question. It argues that military uniforms operate as a site and source of ethics of war discourse, reproducing codes of conduct as the dress code. It advances an account of the uniform as a material interface where the ethics shows itself in aesthetic form, and vice versa. It elaborates this position via a case study of the 2018 decision of the Australian Defence Force to respond to the commission of war crimes by its members by tightening uniform regulations – specifically by banning patches that displayed death symbology (e.g. the Grim Reaper logo, Punisher emblem, etc.). While critics and former military personnel have derided this move as superficial, we suggest that it reflects a sophisticated attempt to leverage dress code as a means of reinforcing ethical code. We build on this insight to mount a case for a new approach to the ethics of war. Contemporary ethics of war scholarship focuses predominantly on textual sources, treating them as if they are the only vector of ethical reasoning about war. This overlooks the reality that ethical positions bearing on war are routinely transmitted via a range of non-textual conduits, including material, aesthetic, and ritual practices. The argument, which we develop over the course of this article, is that ethics of war scholars should widen their aperture to account for the full range of forms that ethical claims about the use of force assume.

Open via your library →

Cite this paper

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/13540661261417043

Or copy a formatted citation

@article{cian2026,
  title        = {{Dressed to kill: the material ethics of war}},
  author       = {Cian O’Driscoll & Sebastian Kaempf},
  journal      = {European Journal of International Relations},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/13540661261417043},
}

Paste directly into BibTeX, Zotero, or your reference manager.

Flag this paper

Dressed to kill: the material ethics of war

Flags are reviewed by the Arbiter methodology team within 5 business days.


Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.