arbiter
JournalsPricingAccount

Beginning of International Armed Conflict in the Case of Targeted Killing of Military Personnel in a Third State

Pouria Askary & Katayoun Hosseinnejad

Asian Journal of International Law2026https://doi.org/10.1017/s2044251325100714article
ABDC C
Weight
0.50

What the paper says

Abstract This paper argues that, while the famous “first shot formula” represents the dominant interpretation for the application of common Article 2(1) of the Geneva Conventions, its application in the case of unilateral use of lethal force for the targeted killing of military personnel in the territory of a third state is not compatible with the requirements of humanity and the object and purpose of these treaties. The paper contends such an operation will not ipso facto trigger an international armed conflict between targeting state and the state of the targeted person. By examining the elements that constitute an international armed conflict, the paper proposes a new criterion for determining the beginning of such a conflict in cases of targeted killing of military personnel in the territory of a third state.

Open paper page →

Cite this paper

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/s2044251325100714

Or copy a formatted citation

@article{pouria2026,
  title        = {{Beginning of International Armed Conflict in the Case of Targeted Killing of Military Personnel in a Third State}},
  author       = {Pouria Askary & Katayoun Hosseinnejad},
  journal      = {Asian Journal of International Law},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/s2044251325100714},
}

Paste directly into BibTeX, Zotero, or your reference manager.

Flag this paper

Beginning of International Armed Conflict in the Case of Targeted Killing of Military Personnel in a Third State

Flags are reviewed by the Arbiter methodology team within 5 business days.

Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.