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Differential relationships of positive and negative parenting styles on primary school children’s academic achievement: Learning anxiety and learning engagement matter

Ying Xu et al.

British Journal of Psychology2026https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70055article
AJG 3
Weight
0.50

What the paper says

Parenting styles are widely recognized as influencing academic achievement; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain inadequately understood. Drawing on the dynamic systems theory and the family systems theory, the present study recruited 481 children (222 boys, Mage = 9.90 ± 0.69 years old) to investigate the longitudinal associations between positive/negative parenting styles and academic achievement and to further explore how learning anxiety and learning engagement may mediate these relationships. Results indicated that (1) negative parenting, but not positive parenting, had a negative direct effect on academic achievement; (2) both positive and negative parenting predicted higher academic achievement through increased learning engagement, but not through learning anxiety; and (3) learning anxiety and learning engagement acted as sequential mediators in the link between positive parenting styles and academic achievement. Overall, these findings highlight how parenting approaches shape children's learning and academic results by influencing their emotional and motivational characteristics from a developmental perspective.

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https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70055

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@article{ying2026,
  title        = {{Differential relationships of positive and negative parenting styles on primary school children’s academic achievement: Learning anxiety and learning engagement matter}},
  author       = {Ying Xu et al.},
  journal      = {British Journal of Psychology},
  year         = {2026},
  doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70055},
}

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Evidence weight

0.50

Balanced mode · F 0.40 / M 0.15 / V 0.05 / R 0.40

F · citation impact0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20
M · momentum0.50 × 0.15 = 0.07
V · venue signal0.50 × 0.05 = 0.03
R · text relevance †0.50 × 0.4 = 0.20

† Text relevance is estimated at 0.50 on the detail page — for your query’s actual relevance score, open this paper from a search result.